<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <base href="https://git-scm.com/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-Git-%E7%AE%80%E5%8F%B2" />
  <meta charset='utf-8'>
  <meta content='IE=edge,chrome=1' http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible'>
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Git - Git 简史</title>

  <link href='/favicon.ico' rel='shortcut icon' type='image/x-icon'>

  <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/assets/application-a058ab010d6f86a86903175bbfdaac30ef6057e5901875616753328abbf98b2c.css" />
  <script src="/assets/modernize-b3ebe0c31c24f230dc62179d3e1030d2e57a53b1668d9382c0a27dbd44a94beb.js"></script>
  <!--[if (gte IE 6)&(lte IE 8)]>
  <script src="/javascripts/selectivizr-min.js"></script>
  <![endif]-->

</head>

<body id="documentation">

  <div class="inner">
    <header>

  <a href="/"><img src="/images/logo@2x.png" width="110" height="46" alt="Git" /></a>
  <span id="tagline"></span>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    var taglines = ["fast-version-control","everything-is-local","distributed-even-if-your-workflow-isnt","local-branching-on-the-cheap","distributed-is-the-new-centralized"];
    var tagline = taglines[Math.floor(Math.random() * taglines.length)];
    document.getElementById('tagline').innerHTML = '--' + tagline;
  </script>
  <form id="search" action="/search/results">
    <input id="search-text" name="search" placeholder="Search entire site..." autocomplete="off" type="text" />
  </form>
  <div id="search-results"></div>

</header>

  </div> <!-- .inner -->

    <div class="inner">
      <div id="content-wrapper">
        <button class="sidebar-btn"></button>
<aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar">
  <nav>
    <ul>
      <li>
        <a href="/about">About</a>
        <ul class="">
          <li>
            <a href="/about">Branching and Merging</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/small-and-fast">Small and Fast</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/distributed">Distributed</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/info-assurance">Data Assurance</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/staging-area">Staging Area</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/free-and-open-source">Free and Open Source</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/about/trademark">Trademark</a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li>
        <a class="active" href="/doc">Documentation</a>
        <ul class="expanded">
          <li>
            <a href="/docs">Reference</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a class="active" href="/book">Book</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/videos">Videos</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/doc/ext">External Links</a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li>
        <a href="/downloads">Downloads</a>
        <ul class="">
          <li>
            <a href="/downloads/guis">GUI Clients</a>
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="/downloads/logos">Logos</a>
          </li>
        </ul>
      </li>
      <li>
        <a href="/community">Community</a>
      </li>
    </ul>
      <hr class="sidebar">
        <p>
This book is available in
  <a href="/book/en">English</a>.
</p>
<p>
  Full translation available in
  <table>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/az">azərbaycan dili</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/bg">български език</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/de">Deutsch</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/es">Español</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/fr">Français</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/gr">Ελληνικά</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/ja">日本語</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/ko">한국어</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/nl">Nederlands</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/ru">Русский</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/sl">Slovenščina</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/tl">Tagalog</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/uk">Українська</a></td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/zh">简体中文</a>,</td></tr>
  </table>
</p>
<p>
  Partial translations available in
  <table>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/cs">Čeština</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/mk">Македонски</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/pl">Polski</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/sr">Српски</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/uz">Ўзбекча</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/zh-tw">繁體中文</a>,</td></tr>
  </table>
</p>
<p>
  Translations started for
  <table>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/be">Беларуская</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/id">Indonesian</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/it">Italiano</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/ms">Bahasa Melayu</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-br">Português (Brasil)</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-pt">Português (Portugal)</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/sv">Svenska</a>,</td></tr>
    <tr><td><a href="/book/tr">Türkçe</a>.</td></tr>
  </table>
</p>
<hr class="sidebar"/>
<p>
The source of this book is  <a href="https://github.com/progit/progit2-zh">hosted on GitHub.</a></br>
Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome.
</p>


  </nav>
</aside>

        <div id="content">
          

<div id='book-chapters'>
  <a class="dropdown-trigger" id="book-chapters-trigger" data-panel-id="chapters-dropdown" href="#">Chapters ▾</a>
<div class='dropdown-panel' id='chapters-dropdown'>
  <div class="three-column">
    <div class='column-left'>
      <ol class='book-toc'>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>1. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6">起步</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          1.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" >关于版本控制 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-Git-%E7%AE%80%E5%8F%B2" class=active>Git 简史 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-Git-%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF%BC%9F" >Git 是什么？ </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C" >命令行 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85-Git" >安装 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%88%9D%E6%AC%A1%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C-Git-%E5%89%8D%E7%9A%84%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE" >初次运行 Git 前的配置 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E5%B8%AE%E5%8A%A9" >获取帮助 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          1.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>2. <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96-Git-%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93">Git 基础</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          2.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96-Git-%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93" >获取 Git 仓库 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E6%AF%8F%E6%AC%A1%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%88%B0%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93" >记录每次更新到仓库 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" >查看提交历史 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E6%92%A4%E6%B6%88%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" >撤消操作 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8" >远程仓库的使用 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E6%89%93%E6%A0%87%E7%AD%BE" >打标签 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-Git-%E5%88%AB%E5%90%8D" >Git 别名 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          2.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>3. <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B">Git 分支</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          3.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B" >分支简介 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B0%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6" >分支的新建与合并 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" >分支管理 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81" >分支开发工作流 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF" >远程分支 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E5%8F%98%E5%9F%BA" >变基 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          3.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>4. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">服务器上的 Git</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          4.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" >协议 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E5%9C%A8%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA-Git" >在服务器上搭建 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90-SSH-%E5%85%AC%E9%92%A5" >生成 SSH 公钥 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8" >配置服务器 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-Git-%E5%AE%88%E6%8A%A4%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B" >Git 守护进程 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-Smart-HTTP" >Smart HTTP </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-GitWeb" >GitWeb </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-GitLab" >GitLab </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.9
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%96%B9%E6%89%98%E7%AE%A1%E7%9A%84%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9" >第三方托管的选择 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          4.10
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Git-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>5. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F-Git-%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B">分布式 Git</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          5.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F-Git-%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B" >分布式工作流程 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          5.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F-Git-%E5%90%91%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" >向一个项目贡献 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          5.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F-Git-%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE" >维护项目 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          5.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F-Git-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
</ol>

    </div>
    <div class='column-middle'>
      <ol class='book-toc'>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>6. <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E5%92%8C%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE">GitHub</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          6.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E5%92%8C%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE" >账户的创建和配置 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          6.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E5%AF%B9%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%81%9A%E5%87%BA%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" >对项目做出贡献 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          6.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE" >维护项目 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          6.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" >管理组织 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          6.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC-GitHub" >脚本 GitHub </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          6.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/GitHub-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>7. <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E4%BF%AE%E8%AE%A2%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC">Git 工具</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          7.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E4%BF%AE%E8%AE%A2%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC" >选择修订版本 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E4%BA%A4%E4%BA%92%E5%BC%8F%E6%9A%82%E5%AD%98" >交互式暂存 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E8%B4%AE%E8%97%8F%E4%B8%8E%E6%B8%85%E7%90%86" >贮藏与清理 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E7%AD%BE%E7%BD%B2%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C" >签署工作 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" >搜索 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E9%87%8D%E5%86%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" >重写历史 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E9%87%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%8F%AD%E5%AF%86" >重置揭密 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%A7%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6" >高级合并 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.9
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-Rerere" >Rerere </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.10
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95" >使用 Git 调试 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.11
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97" >子模块 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.12
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E6%89%93%E5%8C%85" >打包 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.13
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E6%9B%BF%E6%8D%A2" >替换 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.14
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E5%87%AD%E8%AF%81%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8" >凭证存储 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          7.15
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>8. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE-Git">自定义 Git</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          8.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE-Git" >配置 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          8.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-Git-%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7" >Git 属性 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          8.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-Git-%E9%92%A9%E5%AD%90" >Git 钩子 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          8.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%BC%BA%E5%88%B6%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%BE%8B%E5%AD%90" >使用强制策略的一个例子 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          8.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89-Git-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>9. <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F-%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%BA%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E7%9A%84-Git">Git 与其他系统</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          9.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F-%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%BA%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E7%9A%84-Git" >作为客户端的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          9.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F-%E8%BF%81%E7%A7%BB%E5%88%B0-Git" >迁移到 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          9.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>10. <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E5%BA%95%E5%B1%82%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%8A%E5%B1%82%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4">Git 内部原理</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          10.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E5%BA%95%E5%B1%82%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E4%B8%8E%E4%B8%8A%E5%B1%82%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4" >底层命令与上层命令 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-Git-%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1" >Git 对象 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-Git-%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8" >Git 引用 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E5%8C%85%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6" >包文件 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83" >引用规范 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" >传输协议 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%E4%B8%8E%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D" >维护与数据恢复 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F" >环境变量 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          10.9
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/Git-%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
</ol>

    </div>
    <div class='column-right'>
      <ol class='book-toc'>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>A1. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2">附录 A: 在其它环境中使用 Git</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          A1.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2" >图形界面 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Visual-Studio-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Visual Studio 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Visual-Studio-Code-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Visual Studio Code 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Eclipse-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Eclipse 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-IntelliJ-%2F-PyCharm-%2F-WebStorm-%2F-PhpStorm-%2F-RubyMine-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Sublime-Text-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Sublime Text 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Bash-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Bash 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Zsh-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84-Git" >Zsh 中的 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.9
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-Git-%E5%9C%A8-PowerShell-%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git" >Git 在 PowerShell 中使用 Git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A1.10
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-A%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Git-%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" >总结 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>A2. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C-Git-%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F">附录 B: 在你的应用中嵌入 Git</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          A2.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C-Git-%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F" >命令行 Git 方式 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A2.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-Libgit2" >Libgit2 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A2.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-JGit" >JGit </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A2.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-go-git" >go-git </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A2.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-B%3A-%E5%9C%A8%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5-Git-Dulwich" >Dulwich </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <li class='chapter'>
  <h2>A3. <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E4%B8%8E%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE">附录 C: Git 命令</a></h2>
    <ol>
        <li>
          A3.1
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E4%B8%8E%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE" >设置与配置 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.2
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE" >获取与创建项目 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.3
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E5%BF%AB%E7%85%A7%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80" >快照基础 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.4
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF%E4%B8%8E%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6" >分支与合并 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.5
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E4%B8%8E%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0" >项目分享与更新 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.6
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%8E%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83" >检查与比较 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.7
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95" >调试 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.8
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E8%A1%A5%E4%B8%81" >补丁 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.9
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E9%82%AE%E4%BB%B6" >邮件 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.10
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" >外部系统 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.11
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" >管理 </a>
        </li>
        <li>
          A3.12
          <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E9%99%84%E5%BD%95-C%3A-Git-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4-%E5%BA%95%E5%B1%82%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4" >底层命令 </a>
        </li>
    </ol>
  </li>
</ol>

    </div>
  </div>
 </div>

    <span class="light" id="edition">
      2nd Edition
    </span>
</div>

<div id='main' class="book edition2">
    <h1>1.2 起步 - Git 简史</h1>
  <div>
<h2 id="_git_简史">Git 简史</h2>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>同生活中的许多伟大事物一样，Git 诞生于一个极富纷争大举创新的年代。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Linux 内核开源项目有着为数众多的参与者。
绝大多数的 Linux 内核维护工作都花在了提交补丁和保存归档的繁琐事务上（1991－2002年间）。
到 2002 年，整个项目组开始启用一个专有的分布式版本控制系统 BitKeeper 来管理和维护代码。</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>到了 2005 年，开发 BitKeeper 的商业公司同 Linux 内核开源社区的合作关系结束，他们收回了 Linux 内核社区免费使用 BitKeeper 的权力。
这就迫使 Linux 开源社区（特别是 Linux 的缔造者 Linus Torvalds）基于使用 BitKeeper 时的经验教训，开发出自己的版本系统。
他们对新的系统制订了若干目标：</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>速度</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>简单的设计</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>对非线性开发模式的强力支持（允许成千上万个并行开发的分支）</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>完全分布式</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>有能力高效管理类似 Linux 内核一样的超大规模项目（速度和数据量）</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>自诞生于 2005 年以来，Git 日臻成熟完善，在高度易用的同时，仍然保留着初期设定的目标。
它的速度飞快，极其适合管理大项目，有着令人难以置信的非线性分支管理系统（参见 <a href="ch00/ch03-git-branching">Git 分支</a>）。</p>
</div>
<div id="nav"><a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6">prev</a> | <a href="/book/zh/v2/%E8%B5%B7%E6%AD%A5-Git-%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%EF%BC%9F">next</a></div></div>
</div>

        </div>
      </div>
      <footer>
  <div class="site-source">
    <a href="/site">About this site</a><br>
    Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome.
  </div>
  <div class="sfc-member">
    Git is a member of <a href="/sfc">Software Freedom Conservancy</a>
  </div>
</footer>
<a href="#top" class="no-js scrollToTop" id="scrollToTop" data-label="Scroll to top">
  <img src="/images/icons/chevron-up@2x.png" width="20" height="20" alt="scroll-to-top"/>
</a>
<script src="/assets/application-b09f91f7c527919e4bc194769429065537d64a7f73b9fe93b107afef32b02939.js"></script>

    </div>

</body>
</html>
